Physics Experiments / Image Formation by Lenses

Image Formation by Lenses Experiment

Explore ray diagrams through convex and concave lenses with interactive controls.

Physics Class 9-10 Optics Intermediate
Prelab Brief
To study the image formation by convex and concave lenses for various object positions, and to verify the lens formula 1/v − 1/u = 1/f.
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Theory

Explore ray diagrams through convex and concave lenses with interactive controls. To study the image formation by convex and concave lenses for various object positions, and to verify the lens formula 1/v − 1/u = 1/f.

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Formula

1/v − 1/u = 1/f

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Aim

To study the image formation by convex and concave lenses for various object positions, and to verify the lens formula 1/v − 1/u = 1/f.

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Apparatus

  • Convex lens (known focal length)
  • Concave lens (known focal length)
  • Optical bench with uprights
  • Illuminated object (candle or LED arrow)
  • Screen
  • Meter scale
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Procedure

  1. Place the lens at the centre of the optical bench.
  2. Place the illuminated object at various distances from the lens.
  3. For convex lens: move the screen to find a sharp real image.
  4. Note the object distance (u) and image distance (v).
  5. Repeat for different object positions: beyond 2F, at 2F, between F and 2F, at F.
  6. For concave lens: use a virtual image method with a convex lens.
Pre-Lab Questions
What is the main aim of the Image Formation by Lenses Experiment?
Which principle is demonstrated in the Image Formation by Lenses Experiment?
What apparatus is required for this experiment?
Why is Convex lens (known focal length) used in this experiment?
What formula or relationship is verified in this experiment?
What precaution should be followed while performing this experiment?
What conclusion can be drawn from the Image Formation by Lenses Experiment?

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